双源CT能谱纯化单能量技术在评估喙锁韧带中的价值

目的探讨双源CT能谱纯化单能量技术对喙锁韧带结构显示的可行性及对韧带显示最佳的能量级。 方法回顾性分析40例双能量CT扫描的单侧肩关节患者影像学资料，采用双源CT"单能+"软件分别获得喙锁韧带40 keV、60 keV、70 keV、80 keV、100 keV 5组单能量图像，并与线性融合（M=0.5）图像对比，分析比较不同能级单能量图像间的CT值及信噪比（signal-to-noise ratio，SNR）、最佳单能量图像与线性融合（M=0.5）图像间的SNR以及总体主观图像质量评分。 结果（1）斜方韧带及锥状韧带在40 keV总体主观图像质量评分均高于其他5组（P均<0.05）。2位观察者间主观图像质量评分一致性较好[Kappa（斜方）：0.822~0.978；Kappa（锥状）：0.905~0.971]。（2）5组单能量图像间的斜方韧带CT值及锥状韧带CT值差异均有统计学意义（P均<0.001），且40 keV>60 keV>70 keV>80 keV>100 keV 。（3）40 keV斜方韧带及锥状韧带图像的SNR均高于其他4组，差异有统计学意义（P均<0.05）；70 keV与80 keV斜方韧带及锥状韧带间SNR值比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），余各组间的SNR差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05），且40 keV>60 keV>70 keV>100 keV；与线性融合（M=0.5）图像相比，40 keV新单能量图像斜方韧带及锥状韧带SNR值均较高（P<0.05）。 结论双能量CT的单能纯化技术可清晰显示喙锁韧带形态及走行，且在40 keV时对斜方韧带及锥状韧带的显示最佳。     

Immunogenicity and reactogenicity after booster dose with AZD1222 via intradermal route among adult who had received CoronaVac

BackgroundCurrently, booster dose is needed after 2 doses of non-live COVID-19 vaccine. With limited resources and shortage of COVID-19 vaccines, intradermal(ID) administration might be a potential dose-sparing strategy.ObjectiveTo determine immunologic response and reactogenicity of ID ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine (AZD1222,Oxford/AstraZeneca) as a booster dose after completion of 2-dose CoronaVac(SV) in healthy adult.MethodsThis is a prospective cohort study of adult aged 18–59 years who received 2-dose SV at 14–35 days apart for more than 2 months. Participants received ID AZD1222 at fractional low dose(1×10¹⁰ viral particles,0.1 ml). Antibody responses were evaluated by surrogate virus neutralization test(sVNT) against delta variant and wild type, and anti-spike-receptor-binding-domain immunoglobulin G(anti-S-RBD IgG) at prior, day14, 28, 90, and 180 post booster. Solicited reactogenicity was collected for 7 days post-booster. Primary endpoint was the differences of sVNT against delta strain ≥ 80% inhibition at day14 and 90 compared with the parallel cohort study of 0.5-ml intramuscular(IM) route.ResultsFrom August2021, 100 adults with median age of 46 years(IQR 41–52) participated. Prior to booster, geometric mean(GM) of sVNT against delta strain was 22.4% inhibition(95 %CI 18.7–26.9) and of anti-S-RBD IgG was 109.3 BAU/ml(95.4–125.1). Post ID booster, GMs of sVNT against delta strain were 95.5% inhibition (95%CI 94.2–96.8) at day14, 73.1% inhibition (66.7–80.2) at day90, and 22.7% inhibition (14.9–34.6) at day180. The differences of proportion of participants achieving sVNT against delta strain ≥ 80% inhibition in ID recipients versus IM were + 4.2% (95 %CI -2.0to10.5) at day14, and ?37.3%(-54.2to-20.3) at day90. Anti-S-RBD IgG GMs were 2037.1 BAU/ml (95%CI 1770.9–2343.2) at day14 and 744.6 BAU/ml(650.1–852.9) at day90, respectively. Geometric mean ratios(GMRs) of anti-S-RBD IgG were 0.99(0.83–1.20) at day14, and 0.82(0.66–1.02) at day90. Only 18% reported feverish, compared with 37% of IM (p = 0.003). Common reactogenicity was erythema at injection site(53%) while 7% reported blister.ConclusionLow-dose ID AZD1222 booster enhanced lower neutralizing antibodies at 3 months compared with IM route. Less systemic reactogenicity occurred, but higher local reactogenicity.     

Postoperative development of sarcopenia is a strong predictor of a poor prognosis in patients with adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction and upper gastric cancer

Background

There were few studies assessed the postoperative sarcopenia in patients with cancers. The objective of present study was to assess whether postoperative development of sarcopenia could predict a poor prognosis in patients with adenocarcinoma of esophagogastric junction, (AEG) and upper gastric cancer (UGC).

Attenuation Coefficient Estimation of Normal Placentas

Attenuation coefficient estimation has the potential to be a useful tool for placental tissue characterization. A current challenge is the presence of inhomogeneities in biological tissue that result in a large variance in the attenuation coefficient estimate (ACE), restricting its clinical utility. In this work, we propose a new Attenuation Estimation Region Of Interest (AEROI) selection method for computing the ACE based on the (i) envelope signal-to-noise ratio deviation and (ii) coefficient of variation of the transmit pulse bandwidth. The method was first validated on a tissue-mimicking phantom, for which an 18%–21% reduction in the standard deviation of ACE and a 14%–24% reduction in the ACE error, expressed as a percentage of reported ACE, were obtained. A study on 59 post-delivery clinically normal placentas was then performed. The proposed AEROI selection method reduced the intra-subject standard deviation of ACE from 0.72 to 0.39 dB/cm/MHz. The measured ACE of 59 placentas was 0.77 ± 0.37 dB/cm/MHz, which establishes a baseline for future studies on placental tissue characterization.     

Proteases and their inhibitors as prognostic factors for high-grade serous ovarian cancer

Ovarian carcinoma is one of the most lethal malignancies, but only very few prognostic biomarkers are known. The degradome, comprising proteases, protease non-proteolytic homologues and inhibitors, have been involved in the prognosis of many cancer types, including ovarian carcinoma. The prognostic significance of the whole degradome family has not been specifically studied in high-grade serous ovarian cancer. A targeted DNA microarray known as the CLIP-CHIP microarray was used to identify potential prognostic factors in ten high-grade serous ovarian cancer women who had early recurrence (<1.6 years) or late/no recurrence after first line surgery and chemotherapy. In women with early recurrence, we identified seven upregulated genes (TMPRSS4, MASP1/3, SPC18, PSMB1, IGFBP2, CFI – encoding Complement Factor I – and MMP9) and one down-regulated gene (ADAM-10). Using immunohistochemistry, we evaluated the prognostic effect of these 8 candidate genes in an independent cohort of 112 high-grade serous ovarian cancer women. Outcomes were progression, defined according to CA-125 criteria, and death. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression models were done to estimate the associations between each protein and each outcome. High ADAM-10 expression (intensity of 2–3) was associated with a lower risk of progression (adjusted hazard ratio (HR): 0.51; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.29-0.87). High complement factor I expression (intensity 2–3) was associated with a higher risk of progression (adjusted HR: 2.30, 95% CI: 1.17–4.53) and death (adjusted HR: 3.42; 95% CI: 1.72–6.79). Overall, we identified the prognostic value of two proteases, ADAM-10 and complement factor I, for high-grade serous ovarian cancer which could have clinical significance.     

中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值预测急性腔隙性脑梗死患者病情进展的临床价值

目的分析中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值(NLR)对急性腔隙性脑梗死患者病情进展的预测价值。方法根据病情进展与否将2012年2月～2017年1月收治的230例急性腔隙性脑梗死患者分为进展组(40例)与非进展组(190例),记录各组中性粒细胞绝对值、淋巴细胞绝对值等指标,计算NLR。受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析NLR等对急性腔隙性脑梗死患者病情进展预测的特异度、敏感度,Pearson相关性分析NLR等指标与mRS评分的关系。结果进展组NLR、白细胞计数、中性粒细胞绝对值均显著高于非进展组(P 0. 05);淋巴细胞绝对值显著低于非进展组(P 0. 05)。NLR对进展性腔隙性脑梗死(PLI)预测曲线下面积(AUC)为0. 800,最佳临界值3. 25,敏感度85. 06%,特异度70. 68%;白细胞计数、中性粒细胞绝对值、淋巴细胞绝对值对PLI预测AUC分别为0. 650、0. 745、0. 615。进展组预后良好率显著低于非进展组(P 0. 05)。NLR、中性粒细胞绝对值、白细胞计数与mRS评分正相关(P 0. 05)。结论 NLR值对急性腔隙性脑梗死患者病情进展有一定的预测价值,有可能作为患者预后评估的有效指标。     

轴向载荷分担比指导外固定器动力化的临床应用

目的:探讨轴向载荷分担比用于胫腓骨骨干骨折术后指导外固定器轴向动力化促进骨折愈合的有效性。方法:选取外固定器治疗的胫腓骨骨干骨折患者100例,随机分为观察组50例,对照组50例。观察组在轴向载荷分担比指导下行外固定器轴向动力化治疗,对照组未行动力化,随访比较两组的治疗效果。结果:所有患者均获随访,随访时间4～12个月,平均6.5个月,治疗期间所有患者均未出现外固定针断裂、松动及再骨折等并发症,观察组1例骨搬移患者轴向载荷分担比5%,X线片显示骨折断端有连续性骨痂通过,拆除外固定器连接杆后发生移位,恢复原数值行轴向加压再动力化,现已愈合。观察组除外1例骨搬移患者,其余49例患者外固定器固定时间为[(24.4±4.7)周],骨折临床愈合时间为[(22.4±4.7)周],与对照组50例患者外固定器固定时间[(29.3±5.6)周],骨折临床愈合时间[(27.3±5.6)周]比较,显著减少(P0.05)。结论:外固定器轴向载荷分担比指导胫腓骨骨干骨折外固定术后轴向动力化可以加速骨折愈合,但不适合骨搬移截骨端已硬化患者。